How do you handle file and directory operations in php ? with example

PHP provides a number of built-in functions to handle file and directory operations, such as:

• fopen() and fclose() to open and close files
• fread() and fwrite() to read and write data to files
• file_get_contents() and file_put_contents() to read and write data to files in a more convenient way
• unlink() to delete a file
• rename() to rename a file
• mkdir() and rmdir() to create and remove directories
• scandir() to list the files and directories in a directory
• is_dir() and is_file() to check if a path is a directory or a file
• file_exists() to check if a file or directory exists
• copy() to copy a file

Here is an example that demonstrates how to use some of these functions to create a directory, upload a file to it, read the contents of the file, and then delete the file and the directory:

Copy code<?php
// Create a new directory
mkdir("myfolder");

// Upload a file to the directory
move_uploaded_file($_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"], "myfolder/".$_FILES["file"]["name"]);

// Read the contents of the file
$contents = file_get_contents("myfolder/".$_FILES["file"]["name"]);
echo $contents;

// Delete the file
unlink("myfolder/".$_FILES["file"]["name"]);

// Remove the directory
rmdir("myfolder");
?>

It’s important to note that you should handle errors and exceptions when working with files and directories, such as the case when the file or directory doesn’t exist or the permissions to access them are not sufficient.

Also, you should validate user inputs when working with files and directories to prevent malicious attacks like uploading unwanted files.

In summary, PHP provides a number of built-in functions to handle file and directory operations such as reading, writing, renaming, and deleting files and directories. it’s important to handle errors and exceptions and validate user inputs when working with files and directories to prevent any malicious attacks.